Contribution à la caractérisation des déchets solides produits dans le marché communal de Saint-Marc

Abstract

Solid waste management is a major challenge for public administrations, which must respect the principles of sustainable development, meet regulatory requirements and optimize costs. In this context, waste characterization is an approach which aims to identify and quantify the different types of waste produced by an activity or a project, in order to define the most appropriate collection, treatment, recovery and elimination methods adapted. Indeed, the objective of this study is to contribute to the characterization of solid waste produced in the Saint-Marc municipal market with a view to proposing a better method of managing this waste. To carry out this work, two (2) weeks of characterization of solid waste produced in the Saint-Marc municipal market were carried out, the first week of which was considered as a test week. The method used to characterize the waste in the municipal market was cleaning, collecting, weighing, sorting, calculating the mass and volumes of waste, and processing the information which was carried out from the Excel software.
The results obtained during the characterization of solid waste in the Saint-Marc municipal market show that the production of putrescible materials is higher compared to other waste during every two (2) weeks of characterization, the quantity of putrescible materials found in the municipal market represents a percentage of 40.6%. In addition, the proportions of waste by treatment route vary during the two (2) weeks of characterization. The quantities of waste that had to be recycled represent a percentage of 66%, those that were put in landfills represent 33% and those that had to be incinerated and/or placed in a technical landfill represent 1%. Furthermore, the weekly production of waste, of 49.64 kg/m3, was dominated by putrescible materials which occupied 40.6% of the total mass. In addition, the characterization of solid waste could be based on analysis methods adapted to the context and objectives of the public market.