Sélection de familles F3 et S2 de sorgho sucré pour la création de nouvelles variétés

Abstract

In order to improve the agronomic performance of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor,L.), a study was conducted at Prince (Cabaret) and in Matheux (Arcahaie). The objective of this study was to select the best sweet sorghum’s genotype that yield around 4 tons per hectare while having a brix higher or equal to 16 at maturity. One hundred twenty five F3 families (Pedigree method) and 150 S2 families (from a recurrent selection program and male sterility gene) of sweet sorghum were used. The variety Papèsèk was used as Check because of its interesting production level and high yield stability. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used at both locations. Five families F3 and 18 families S2 were selected for the creation of new varieties. The choice of these families has focused on the earliness, height, and more specifically on the grain yield and brix level at maturity. These families were compared to Papèsèk and another group of lines was chosen randomly in order to test the efficiency of the selection.
The results o showed that F3 and S2 families selected for grain yield are similar yield to Papèsèk variety (more than 4 tons per hectare). Similarly for brix level at maturity, all families, which are selected or randomly chosen, exceeded Papèsèk level (above 16). There was no brix evolution in general. The brix level remained more or less stable for the three measurements over a month for F3 and S2 families selected. I contrast to Papèsèk whose brix increased between maturity and 14th day after. There is a negative relation between grain yield and brix for F3 and S2 families selected, but its’ more significant on F3 families than S2.
Because families were selected with higher grain yield than or equal to Papèsèk variety and brix above 16 at maturity, it is possible to obtain new sweet sorghum varieties with early maturity and high grain yield.